Albert Einstein
"Einstein" redirects here. For other uses, see Einstein (disambiguation).
Albert Einstein (pronounced /ˈælbərt ˈaɪnstaɪn/; German: ˈalbɐt ˈaɪ̯nʃtaɪ̯n ; 14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955) was a German-born theoretical physicist. He is best known for his theory of relativity and specifically mass–energy equivalence, expressed by the equation E = mc2. Einstein received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics "for his services to Theoretical Physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect."[1]
Einstein's many contributions to physics include:- The special theory of relativity, which reconciled mechanics with electromagnetism
- The general theory of relativity, a new theory of gravitation obeying the equivalence principle.
- Founding of relativistic cosmology with a cosmological constant
- The first post-Newtonian expansion, explaining the perihelion advance of planet Mercury
- Prediction of the deflection of light by gravity and gravitational lensing
- An explanation for capillary action
- The first fluctuation dissipation theorem which explained the Brownian movement of molecules
- The photon theory and wave-particle duality derived from the thermodynamic properties of light
- The quantum theory of atomic motion in solids
- Zero-point energy
- The semiclassical version of the Schrodinger equation
- Relations for atomic transition probabilities which predicted stimulated emission
- The quantum theory of a monatomic gas which predicted Bose-Einstein condensation
- The EPR paradox
- A program for a unified field theory
- The geometrization of fundamental physics.
Einstein published more than 300 scientific works and more than 150 non-scientific works.[2][3] In 1999 Time magazine named him the Person of the Century, and in the words of a biographer, "to the scientifically literate and the public at large, Einstein is synonymous with genius."[4]:159
Read More......
